Resolve a defeasible rule set against the Dung grounded extension: returns the set of rule
ids whose conclusion is justified (skeptically), excluding defeaters. Conflicting rules attack
mutually unless the superiority relation (or strictness) orients the attack one way.
Negation-as-failure / closed-world assumption: a proposition holds “by default”
(its negation is concluded) exactly when it CANNOT be proven from the closed set
of facts — i.e. the (subject, predicate, object) triple is absent. This is
the non-monotonic primitive the positive forward-chainer (fire_guard_rules)
cannot express; the agent-honesty guard’s “Unverified until proven” is an
instance. Zero-heap (single linear scan).
Resolve a conflict between two opposing rules, given the superiority relation and ambiguity
mode. Non-conflicting inputs yield a’s polarity. Semantics (Nute / Governatori):